As preparations intensify for Hajj 2026 and the heat wave sets in in the kingdom’s holiest of holy sites, the UAE health authorities have issued an essential medical advisory for pilgrims to ensure their safety during one of the world’s biggest religious events.
The extreme heat of summer coupled with the physically demanding rituals is a serious risk to health during the Hajj, especially in the densely packed areas of Mina and Arafat. Excessive amounts of time outdoors, extreme temperatures, intense physical activity and large food service operations can pose a risk for heat exhaustion, dehydration, and food borne illness.
To enhance the safety of pilgrims, Emirates Health Services (EHS) has issued 13 preventive health recommendations, highlighting two of the major concerns – protecting pilgrims from heat-related illness and reducing food poisoning risks.
Here are some of the key things pilgrims should know before they start their journey to make the Hajj.
Why Heat Risks Increase During Hajj?
Hajj involves a lot of walking over a number of days, which can be in hot and sunny weather.
Pilgrims walk for long periods of time between religious sites, stand for rituals, and move through crowds of people. All these factors add to the stressors of the body when coupled with extreme weather.
Doctors say dehydration and heat exhaustion can quickly get out of hand when precautions are not taken.
Early intervention as a precaution is one of the best methods to minimize health issues.
Stay Hydrated Throughout the Day
Health and safety agencies have made one of their many recommendations: the need to stay hydrated.
Pilgrims should drink water and fluids frequently (before feeling thirsty). Often, thirst will be present once the dehydration process has started.
Regular drinking aids in maintaining body temperature and sustains the body during rigorous ritual activity.
Protect Yourself From Direct Sun Exposure
The summer heat of Saudi Arabia can be particularly hot in the afternoon.
Light colored umbrellas are recommended to minimise the amount of direct sunlight exposure. Wearing bright colors or loose-fitting clothing can also help increase the flow of air and minimize heat accumulation.
Periodic rest can also be helpful in lowering body temperature and decreasing physical strain by resting in shaded spaces or air-conditioned rooms.
Although not an exhaustive list, in addition to the above, pilgrims should try to avoid unnecessary exposure to the outdoors during the hottest hours of the day whenever possible.
Use Sunscreen and Dress for Heat Protection
Sun damage protection is one of the most crucial aspects of maintaining skin temperature.
Apply a sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30 to protect from sun before going outdoors.
Sunburn disrupts the body’s cooling system because sunburn skin no longer functions well to cool the body.
Loose, breathable clothes suitable for warm weather are also recommended to aid heat regulation during the activities of Hajj.
Early Warning Signs of Dehydration
Early signs of dehydration can help you avoid serious health problems.
Symptoms may include extreme thirst, dry mouth, dark urine, dizziness, excessive rapid heartbeat, or fatigue.
Failure to recognize these symptoms could put the individual at a higher risk for developing more severe forms of HRI.
If a pilgrim has warning signs, they should take first steps to stay hydrated, rest and cool down.
Balance Physical Activity With Adequate Rest
Exhaustion makes a person more susceptible to heat stress.
Doctors say it is best not to do unnecessary work during the heat of the day.
To minimise body strain, walking schedules should be well planned and adequate recovery periods provided.
Quality of sleep is also important during the periods of Hajj. Good rest helps the body cope with hot and strenuous conditions better.
Food Safety Remains Equally Important
In addition to the heat protection, the health authorities are stressing proper food hygiene hygiene.
Higher temperatures and larger congregations can put the food in a situation that makes it more likely to become contaminated.
Pilgrims are encouraged to wash their hands before touching food and after eating.
Preparing fresh meals is the safest option. Food must be cooked and served at safe temperatures.
Health officials also have a firm call for fruits and vegetables to be cleaned thoroughly prior to eating.
Avoid High-Risk Food Sources
More than ever, there is a need for extra precautions to prevent foodborne illness during Hajj.
Pilgrims should not eat raw seafood, uncooked meat or food that looks like it is not stored at the proper temperature.
Consumption of bottled water from known sources is highly recommended.
Street food from unauthorized vendors may have other safety issues, especially in extremely hot weather.
Choosing proper food helps to lower the risk of illness while on pilgrimage.
Signs of Heatstroke Emergency
Health professionals stress the need for urgent medical treatment for severe heat illness.
In cases where a pilgrim may become confused, stops sweating in spite of high temperatures, vomits or shows signs of collapsing, urgent intervention may be required.
Rapidly moving people to a cooler place, and calling for an ambulance or other emergency medical services, may be life-saving. Doing this may prevent complications from occurring.
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